The Chronicles of Mithila
A journey through time, from the legendary Kingdom of Videha to the cultural heart of modern India.
The Videha Kingdom (c. 1100–500 BCE)
Mithila's history begins with the establishment of the Videha Kingdom. Founded by King Mithi, who gave the region its name (Mithilapuri), the kingdom became a beacon of learning and philosophy.
The most renowned ruler was Seeradhwaj Janak, the father of Sita. Under his reign, Mithila hosted great sages like Yajnavalkya, making it a center for Vedic wisdom and the composition of key Upanishads.
The Vajjika League
Following the fall of the Janakas, Mithila became part of the Vajjika League (Vrajji Mahajanapada), one of the world's earliest republics. The Lichhavis were the most prominent clan, with their capital at Vaishali. This era saw the rise of democratic values and the spread of Buddhism and Jainism.
The Golden Age of Dynasties
Karnata Dynasty (1097–1324 CE)
Founded by Nanyadeva, this era is often called the 'Golden Period' of Mithila. It saw a revival of art, music, and literature. King Harisimhadeva was a patron of the arts and social reform.
Oiniwar Dynasty (1325–1526 CE)
Known for the great poet Vidyapati, whose songs dedicated to Shiva and Radha-Krishna shaped the region's literary identity. The rulers were Maithil Brahmins who fostered deep cultural growth.
Raj Darbhanga & Modernity
The Khandwala dynasty, later known as Raj Darbhanga, ruled from the 16th century until India's independence. Maharaja Mahesh Thakur founded the lineage. The Maharajas were great patrons of education, establishing universities and maintaining the rich cultural fabric of the region.
Today, Mithila is divided between India (Bihar) and Nepal but remains united by its shared language (Maithili), traditions, and the vibrant Madhubani art.